我手机是cooipaigb7231 2016的 上了个8Gsd卡 安装东西的时候 它老说“安装包解析错误”这是怎么回事??? 好心人 就帮帮我吧

Tramadol and 0.5% levobupivacaine for single-shot interscalene block: effects on postoperative... - Abstract - Europe PMC
Europe PMC requires Javascript to function effectively.
Either your web browser doesn't support Javascript or it is currently turned off. In the latter case, please
turn on Javascript support in your web browser and reload this page.
Search worldwide, life-sciences literature
F Alemanno
Department of Anesthesia and Pain Therapy, Ospedale San Camillo, Brescia, Italy.
B Pergolotti
F Bizzarri
Department of Anesthesia and Pain Therapy, Ospedale San Camillo, Brescia, Italy.
No matching affiliation detected.
Close affiliations
[):291-296]
Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tramadol as an adjuvant to the local anaesthetic solution in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy for rotator cuff tear after middle interscalene block (MIB).We enrolled 120 patients (ASA I-II), scheduled for arthroscopic surgery for rotator cuff tear. The patients were sedated with midazolam 0.02 mg/kg and haloperidol 2 mg i.v. before performing MIB. All subjects underwent a MIB with 0.4 mL/kg of 0.5% levobupivacaine. After computerized randomization, all patients were allocated in 1 of 3 groups, each including 40 subjects. Group Placebo (Group P) received 0.4 mL/kg of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus isotonic sodium chloride for MIB and isotonic sodium chloride i.m. Group &Perineural Tramadol& (Group TPN) received 0.4 ml/Kg of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus 1.5 mg/kg of tramadol perineurally and isotonic sodium chloride i.m. Group &Intramuscular Tramadol& (Group TIM) received 0.4 ml/Kg of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus isotonic sodium chloride perineurally and 1.5 mg/kg of tramadol i.m.The MIB onset times were not statistically different in the three groups. The duration of analgesia was significantly longer in Groups TPN and TIM, where tramadol was administered, either i.m. or perineurally, compared with the placebo group. A significant statistical difference was found in the duration of analgesia between the group TPN and TIM.The addition of tramadol to the local anaesthetic solution administered for MIB provided a longer duration of analgesia compared with placebo and i.m tramadol administration in patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery for rotator cuff tear.
)- subscription required
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
Show all items
CitePeer Related ArticlesThis service is more advanced with JavaScript available, learn more at http://activatejavascript.org
Allostimulatory analysis of a newly-defined and widely-distributed Mls superantigenJohn J. RyanH. Baltzer LeJeuneJames J. MondFred D. FinkelmanOriginal ArticlesDOI:
10.1007/BFCite this article as: Ryan, J.J., LeJeune, H.B., Mond, J.J. et al. Immunogenetics (. doi:10.1007/BFWe previously noted that Mlsa,c C58/J responder cells proliferated unexpectedly to H-2k-compatible Mlsa or Mlsc prototypic stimulator cells in a primary mixed lymphocyte reaction. The present investigation was performed to evaluate whether the response of C58/J T cells to these H-2- and Mls-compatible stimulator cells could functionally identify a newly-defined member of the Mls superantigen family through its allostimulatory ability. We observed that C58/J responder cells also proliferated when cultured with H-2-compatible prototypic Mlsnull, Mlsb (nonstimulatory), or Mlsa,c splenic stimulator cells. The widely distributed nature of the non-MHC ligand recognized by C58/J T cells is indicated by the finding that 11 of 12 H-2k inbred mouse strains clearly expressed this specificity. A gradient of stimulatory capacity from low to high across this newly-defined non-MHC difference was detected with splenocytes from these different inbred mouse strains. The Mlsa,c genetic composition of C58/J was confirmed by the observation that crossing C58/J with parental B10.BR (responsive to both Mlsa and Mlsc determinants) generated F1 progeny that were unresponsive to H-2k-compatible Mlsa, Mlsc, or Mlsa,c stimulator cells. Like prototypic Mlsa and Mlsc, the non-MHC specificity recognized by C58/J responder cells, termed Mlsf, was particularly sensitive to radiation (versus mitomycin C) treatment of the stimulator cells, was greatly augmented after anti-IgD activation of splenic stimulator cells, was blocked with anti-MHC class II antibody, and was effectively presented by phenotypically normal female but not B cell-defective xid+ male CBA/N F1 stimulator cells.Abe, R. and Hodes, R. J.: T cell recognition of Mlsc. I. Influence of MHC gene products in Mlsc-specific T cell recognition. J Immunol 140: , 1988Abe, R., Ryan, J. J., and Hodes, R. J.: Mls is not a single gene, allelic system. Different stimulatory Mls determinants are the products of at least two nonallelic, unliked genes. J Exp Med 166: , 1987aAbe, R., Ryan, J. J., and Hodes, R. J.: Clonal analysis of the Mls system. A reappraisal of polymorphism and allelism among Mlsa, Mlsc, and Mlsd. J Exp Med 165: , 1987bAbe,R., Vacchio, M. S., Fox, B., and Hodes, R. J.: Preferential expression of T-cell receptor Vβ3 gene by Mlsc reactive T cells. Nature 335: 827-830, 1988Abe, R., Foo-Philips, M., and Hodes, R. J.: Analysis of Mlsc genetics. A novel instance of genetic redundancy. J Exp Med 170: , 1989Abromson-Leeman, S. R., Laning, J. C., and Dorf, M. E.: T cell recognition of Mlsc,x determinants. J Immunol 140: , 1988aAbromson-Leeman, S. R., Laning, J. C., Crowell, J., and Dorf, M. E.: The relationship of Mlsx to Mlsc. J Immunogenet 15: 21-30, 1988bAhmed, A. and Scher, I.: Studies on non-H-2-linked lymphocyte-activating determinants. II. Nonexpression of Mls determinants in a mouse strain with an X-linked B lymphocyte immune defect. J Immunol 117: , 1976Bill, J., Appel, V. B., and Palmer, E.: An analysis of T-cell receptor variable region gene expression in major histocompatibility complex disparate mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: , 1988Bill, J., Kanagawa, O., Woodland, D. L., and Palmer, E.: The MHC molecule I-E is necessary but not sufficient for the clonal deletion of Vβ11-bearing T cells. J Exp Med 169: , 1989Click, R. E. and Adelmann, A.: Multigene control of Mlsc. Immunogenetics 28: 412-416, 1988Click, R. E., Azar, M. M., and Anderson, V. E.: Immune responses in vitro. XII. Two independently segregating loci control Mlsa product(s). J Immunol 128: , 1982Coutinho, A., Meo, T., and Watanabe, T.: Independent segregation of two functional markers expressed on the same B-cell subset in the mouse: The Mls determinants and LPS receptors. Scand J Immunol 6: , 1977Festenstein, H.: Strong and weak histocompatibility antigens. Transplant Rev 3: 74-77, 1970Festenstein, H.: Immunogenetic and biological aspects of in vitro lymphocyte allotransformation (MLR) in the mouse. Transplant Rev 15: 62-68, 1973Festenstein, H.: The Mls system. Transplant Proc 8: 339-342, 1976Fimkelman, F. D., Kessler, Mushinske, J. F., and Pooter, M.: IgD secreting murine plasmacytomas: identification and partial characterization kof two IgD myeloma proteins. J Immunol 126: 680-687, 1981Happ, M. P., Woodland, D. L., and Palmer, E.: A third T-cell receptor ?-chain variable region gene encodes reactivity to Mls-1a gene products. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: , 1989Janeway, C. A., Jr and Katz, M. E.: The immunobiology of the T cell response to Mls-locus-disparate stimulator cells. I. Unidirectionality, new strain combinations, and role of Ia antigens. J Immunol 134: , 1985Janeway, C. A., Jr, Lerner, E. A., Jason, J. M., and Jones, B.: T-lym-phocytes responding to Mls-locus antigens are Lyt-1+, 2-, and I-A restricted. Immunogenetics 10: 481-497, 1980Janeway, C. A., Jr., Yagi, J., Conrad, P. J., Katz, M. E., JOnes, B., Vroegop, S., and Buxser, S.: T cell responses to Mls and to bacterial proteins that mimic its behavior. Immunol Rev 107: 61-88, 1989Julius, M. H., Simpson, E., and Herzenberg, L. A.: A rapid method for the isolation of functional thymus-derived murine lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol 3: 645-649, 1973Kappler, J. W., Wade, T., White, J., Kushnir, E., Blackman, M., Bill, J., Roehm, N., and Marrack, P.: A T-cell receptor Vβ segment that imparts reactivity to class II major histocompatibility complex product. Cell 49: 263-271, 1987Kappler, J. W., Staerz, V., White, J., and Marrack, P. C.: Self-tolerance eliminates T-cells specific for Mls modified products of the major histocompatibility complex. Nature 332: 35-40, 1988Lynch, D. H., Gress, R. E., Needleman, B. W., Rosenberg, S. A., and Hodes, R. J.: T-cell responses to Mls determinants are restricted by crossreactive MHC determinants. J Immunol 134: , 1985MacDonald, H. R., Schneider, R., Lees, R. K., Howe, R. C., Acha-Orbea, H., Festenstein, H., Zinkernagel, R. M., and Hengartner, H.: T-cell receptor Vβ use predicts reactivity and tolerance to Mlsa-encoded antigens. Nature 332: 40-45, 1988Macphail, S. and Stutman, O.: Independent inhibition of 1L2 synthesis and cell proliferations by anti-Ia antibodies in mixed lymphocyte responses to Mls. Eur J Immunol 14: 318-324, 1984Macphail, S. and Stutman, O.; H-2-linked genes determine the level of the primary in vitro anti-Mls response. Immunogenetics 24: 139-145, 1986Marrack, P. and Kappler, J.: T cells distinguish between allogeneic major histocompatibility complex products on different cell types. Nature 332: 840-843, 1988Miller, R. A. and Stutman, O.: Enumeration of 1L2-secreting helper T cells by limiting dilution analysis, and demonstration of unexpectedly high levels of 1L2 production per responding cell. J Immunol 128: , 1982Peck, A. B., Janeway, Jr, C. A., and Wigzell, H.: T-lymphocyte responses to Mls antigens involve recognition of H-2 I region gene products. Nature 266: 840-842, 1977Pullen, A. M., Marrack, P., and Kappler, J. W.: The T-cell repertoire is heavily influenced by tolerance to polymorphic self-antigens. Nature 335: 796-801, 1988Pullen, A. M., Marrack, P., and Kappler, J. W.: Evidence that Mls-2 antigens which delete Vβ3+ T-cells are controlled by multiple genes. J Immunol 142: , 1989Riggs, J. E., Lussier, A. M., Lee, S.-K., Appel, M. C., and Woodland, R. T.: Differential radiosensitivity among B cell subpopulations. j Immunol 141: , 1988Ryan, J. J., Mond, J. J., Finkelman, F. D., and Scher, I.: Enhancement okf the mixed lymphocyte reaction by in vivo treatment of stimulator spleen cells with anti-IgD antibody. J Immunol 130: , 1983Ryan, J. J., Miner, D. W., Mond, J. J., Finkelman, F. D., and Woody, J. N.: Regulation of the in vitro presentation of minor lymphocyte stimulating determinants by major histocompatibility complex-encoded immune response genes. J Immunol 138: , 1987aRyan, J. J., Mond, J. J., and Finkelman, F. D.: The Mlsd-defined primary mixed lymphocyte reaction: A composite response to Mlsa and Mlsc determinants. J Immunol 138: , 1987bRyan, J. J., Thompson, C. B., Mond, J. J., and Finkelman, F. D.: Augmented in vitro presentation of Mls determinants after anti-immunoglobulin-induced B cell activation: Ontogeny and role of purified B cell. J Immunogenet 15: 121-133, 1988Ryan, J. J., LeJeune, H. B., Mond, J. J., and finkelman, F. D.: Genetic analysis of the presentation of minor lymphocyte stimulating determinants. II. Differing non-MHC control of superstimulatory and more poorly stimulatory Mls phenotypes. J Immunol 144: , 1990aRyan, J. J., Mond, J. J., and Finkelman, F. D.: The heterogeneous T cell response to prototypic Mlsa reflects dual specificity. FASEB J 4(7): AbScher, I., Ahmed, A., Strong, D. M., Steinberg, A. D., and Paul, W. E.: X-linked B-lymphocyte immune defect CBA/HN mice. I. Studies on the function and composition of spleen cells. J Exp Med 141: 788-803, 1975Vacchio, M. S. and Hodes, R. J.: Selective decreases in T cell receptor Vβexpression. Decreased expression of specific Vβ families is associated with expression of multiple MHC and non-MHC gene products. J Exp Med 170: , 1989Vacchio, M. S., Ryan, J. J., and HOdes, R. J.: Characterization of the ligand(s) responsible for negative selection of Vβ11- and Vβ12-expressing T cells: Effects of a new Mls determinant. J Exp Med 172: 807-813, 1990Webb, S. R. and Sprent, J.: Response of mature unprinted CD8+ T cells to Mlsa determinants. J Exp Med 171: 953-958, 1990Webb, S. R., Mosier, D. E., Wilson, D. B., and Sprent, J.: Negative selection in vivo reveals expression of strong Mls determinants in mice with X-linked immunodeficiency. J Exp Med 160: 108-115, 1984Webb, S. R., Li, J. H., Wilson, D. B., and Sprent, J.: Capacity of small B cell-enriched populations to stimulate mixed lymphocyte reactions: Marked differences between irradiated vs. mitomycin C-treated stimulators. Eur J Immunol 15: 92-96, 1985Woodland, D., Happ, M. P., Bill, J., and Palmer, E.: Requirements for cotolerogenic gene products in the clonal deletion of I-E reactive T cells. Science 247: 964-967, 1990John J. Ryan1H. Baltzer LeJeune1James J. Mond2Fred D. Finkelman21.Immunobiology and Transplantation DepartmentNaval Medical ResearchInstituteBethesdaUSA2.Department of MedicineUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaUSA
We use cookies to improve your experience with our site.This page uses JavaScript to progressively load the article content as a user scrolls.
Screen reader users, click the load entire article button to bypass dynamically loaded article content.
PasswordRemember meSign in via your institutionSign in via your institution
&RIS&(for EndNote, Reference Manager, ProCite)
&RefWorks Direct Export
& Citation Only
& Citation and Abstract
JavaScript is disabled on your browser.
Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page.
JavaScript is disabled on your browser.
Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page. This page uses JavaScript to progressively load the article content as a user scrolls. Click the View full text link to bypass dynamically loaded article content.
, December 2005, Pages 8
No articles found.
This article has not been cited.
No articles found.

参考资料

 

随机推荐