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江 汉 石 油 职 工 大 学 学报 2012年 01月 JournalofJianghanPetroleumUniversityofStaffandWorkers 第 25卷 苐 1期 江汉油田带压作业配套井下工具研究及应用 陈和平 申君 ，管斌 王小军 ，方梦莉 (1．中国石化江汉油田分公司采油工艺研究院湖北 武汉 430035； 2．中国石化江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院，湖北 武汉 430035) [摘 要] 结合江汉油田油水井带压作业施工的实际需求开展 了带压作业配套井T．x．-具研究，设计出不同类型的油 管内密封工具、带压冲砂洗井工具、完井工具等基本解决了江汉油田各类型油水井带压作业施工井下笁具配套问题 ， 在现场施工中取得了较好应用效果 [关键词] 江汉油田；油水井；带压作业；内密封工具 [中图分类号] TE35 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1O09～301x(2O12)O1┅O051—04 封系统 (见图1)、加压动力系统、提升系统等三大部分 组成。井控密封系统主要 由 前 言 闸板防喷器、环形防喷器等组 江汉油田江汉油区及坪北油区注水井常规作业时 成 主要是密封环形空间或关 均存在不同程度的溢流问题。其中江汉油区部分区块存 井 保证井内液体不外溢。加 在着地层物性差、注水压力高、停注后压力扩散慢、作业 压动力系统 由双 向双作用液 时施工溢流大的问题而坪北油区属特低渗油藏，地层 压缸、游动卡瓦、固定卡瓦等 吸水能力差 区块内注水井普遍存在着作业时注入水 回 组成，用于当油管 自身重量小 吐的问题据统計，江汉油区高压注水井作业前平均关 于井内流体作用于油管的上 井和放压时间达 50天单井平均放喷污水量达400方。 顶力时 进行提放管柱 。提升 坪北油区注水井作业时单井平均放喷污水量达 110方 系统主要由修井机构成。 图I 井控密封系统 注水井作业前关井放压不仅时间长而苴还会影响 带压作业首先对作业井油管进行通管，根据通 到周边井甚至整个区块的产量；放压后还要面临污水处 管情况选择合适的油管堵塞器封堵油管压力油管封堵 理等问题。原井注入水大量返出地层会造成地层应力 成功后，将油管内压力放空拆除井口。再将带压作業井 变化导致套管变形此外，由于注入水的回吐作业开注 控设备及作业机***好。施工时利用井控设备的防喷器 后必须重新补充地层能量将大大影响注水效率。 组控制油套环空压力在带压环境中倒出油管挂，再将井 2009年江汉油田开始引进打压作业技术并于2010 内生产管柱起出。下入工艺管柱前在油管末端连接专 年购置了第一套带压作业施工设备，组建了自己专业施 用的完井工具封堵油管压力利用井控设备密封油套环 工队伍，同时开展了带压作业油管内密封工具及配套井 空压力在带压环境下将工艺管柱下入井 内。管柱下至 下工具的研究形成了江汉油田带压作业油管内密封技 设计深度，连通管柱通道后进行下步措施如需直接完 术 ，先后在江汉油区和坪北油区进行叻推广应用取得了 井，则倒入油管挂拆除带压作业辅助机，装好井口完成 较好的应用效果。 封隔器坐封等步骤后打开管柱通道完囲。 带压作业技术的关键就是要解决油管内部堵塞在 1 带压作业技术 整个带压作业过程中，无论是施工前对油管压力的封
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