CreateFile
The CreateFile function creates or opens the following objects and returns a handle that can be used to accessthe object:&files&pipes&mailslots&communications resources&disk devices(Windows NT only)&consoles&directories(open only)
CreateFile&函数创建或打开下列对象，并返回一个可以用来访问这些对象的句柄。&&&文件&&pipes&&邮槽&&&通信资源&&&磁盘驱动器（仅适用于&windowsNT&）&&&控制台&&&文件夹（仅用于打开）
HANDLE CreateFile(&LPCTSTR lpFileName,&&&&//&指向文件名的指针&&DWORD dwDesiredAccess,&&&&//&访问模式（写&/&读）&&DWORD dwShareMode,&&&&//&共享模式&&LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes,&//&指向安全属性的指针&&DWORD dwCreationDisposition,&&&//&如何创建&&DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes,&&&//&文件属性&&HANDLE hTemplateFile&&&&//&用于复制文件句柄&);
Parametes参数列表
类型及说明
lpFileName
String&，要打开的文件的名字
dwDesiredAccess
Long&，如果为&GENERIC_READ&表示允许对设备进行读访问；如果为&GENERIC_WRITE&表示允许对设备进行写访问（可组合使用）；如果为零，表示只允许获取与一个设备有关的信息
dwShareMode
Long&，零表示不共享；&FILE_SHARE_READ&和&/&或&FILE_SHARE_WRITE&表示允许对文件进行共享访问
lpSecurityAttributes
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES&，指向一个&SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES&结构的指针，定义了文件的安全特性（如果操作系统支持的话）
dwCreationDisposition
Long&，下述常数之一：
CREATE_NEW
创建文件；如文件存在则会出错
CREATE_ALWAYS
创建文件，会改写前一个文件
OPEN_EXISTING
文件必须已经存在。由设备提出要求
OPEN_ALWAYS
如文件不存在则创建它
TRUNCATE_EXISTING
讲现有文件缩短为零长度
dwFlagsAndAttributes
Long&，一个或多个下述常数
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE
标记归档属性
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED
将文件标记为已压缩，或者标记为文件在目录中的默认压缩方式
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN
隐藏文件或目录
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
文件为只读
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM
文件为系统文件
FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH
操作系统不得推迟对文件的写操作
FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED
允许对文件进行重叠操作
FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING
禁止对文件进行缓冲处理。文件只能写入磁盘卷的扇区块
FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS
针对随机访问对文件缓冲进行优化
FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN
针对连续访问对文件缓冲进行优化
FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE
关闭了上一次打开的句柄后，将文件删除。特别适合临时文件
也可在&Windows NT&下组合使用下述常数标记：
SECURITY_ANONYMOUS&，&SECURITY_IDENTIFICATION&，&SECURITY_IMPERSONATION&，SECURITY_DELEGATION&，&SECURITY_CONTEXT_TRACKING&，&SECURITY_EFFECTIVE_ONLY
hTemplateFile
Long&，如果不为零，则指定一个文件句柄。新文件将从这个文件中复制扩展属性
如执行成功，则返回文件句柄。&INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE&表示出错，会设置&。即使函数成功，但若文件存在，且指定了&CREATE_ALWAYS&或&OPEN_ALWAYS&，也会设为&ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS
lpFileName&Pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the name of the object(file, pipe, mailslot,&&communications resource, disk device, console, or directory) to create or open.&&指向一个空结尾字符串。该参数指定了用于创建或打开句柄的对象。
&if *lpFileName is a path, there is a default string size limit of MAX_PATH characters, This limit is&related to how the CreateFile function parses paths.&&如果&lpFileName&的对象是一个路径，则有一个最大字符数的限制。不能超过常量&(MAX_PATH).&这个限制指示了&&CreateFile&函数如何解析路径&.
dwDesiredAccess&Specifies the type of access to the object. An application can obtain read access, write access,&read-write access, or device query access, This parameter can be any combination of the following&values&&指定对象的访问方式&,&程序可以获得读访问权&,&写访问权&,&读写访问权或者是询问设备&("device query")&访问权&.&&这个参数可以是下列值的任意组合&&&Value(&值&)&&Meaning(&含义&)&0&&&Specifies device query access to the object. An application can query device&&&&attributes without accessing the device.&&&&&指定询问访问权&.&程序可以在不直接访问设备的情况下查询设备的属性&.
&GENERIC_READ&&Specifies read access to the object, Data can be read from the file and the&&&&&file pointer can be moved. Combine with GENERIC_WRITE for read-write access.&&&&&指定读访问权&.&可以从文件中读取数据&,&并且移动文件指针&.&可以和&GENERIC_WRITE&组合&&&&&&成为&"&读写访问权&".
&GENERIC_WRITE&&specifies write access to the object. Data can be written to the file and the&&&&file pointer can be moved. Combine with GENERIC_READ fro read-write access&&&&&指定写访问权&.&可以从文件中写入数据&,&并且移动文件指针&.&可以和&GENERIC_READ&组合&&&&&&成为&"&读写访问权&".
dwShareMode&Set of bit flags that specifies how the object can be shared, If dwShareMode is 0, the object cannot&be shared. Subsequent open operations on the object will fail, until the handle is closed.&&设置位标志指明对象如休共享&.&如果参数是&0,&对象不能够共享&.&后续的打开对象的操作将会失败&,&直到该对象的句&&&柄关闭&.
&To share the object, use a combination of one or more of the following values:&&使用一个或多个下列值的组合来共享一个对象&.&Value(&值&)&&Meaning(&含义&)&FILE_SHARE_DELETE&WindowsNT: Subsequent open operations on the object will succeed only if&&&&delete access is requested.&&&&WINDOWS NT:&后续的仅仅请求删除访问权的打开操作将会成功&.
&FILE_SHARE_READ&&Subsequent open operations on the object will successd only if read access&&&&is requested.&&&&&后续的仅仅请求读访问权的打开操作将会成功&.
&FILE_SHARE_WRITE&Subsequent open operations on the object will succeed only if write access&&&&is requested.&&&&&后续的仅仅请求写访问权的打开操作将会成功&.
lpSecurityAttributes&pointer to a SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES structure that determines whether the returned handle can be&&inherited by child processes, if lpSecurityAttributes is NULL, the handle cannot be inherited.&&指向一个&SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES&结构的指针用于确定如何在子进程中继承这个句柄&.&如果这个参数是&NULL,&&则该句柄不可继承&.
dwCreationDisposition&Specifies which action to take on files that exist, and which action to take when files do not exist.&For more information about this parameter, see the remarks section. This parameter must be one of the&following values&&指定当文件存在或者不存在时如何动作。关于这个参数更多的信息，参考批注部分。这个参数必须是一个或多个&&&下列值。
&VALUE(&值&)&&Neaning(&含义&)&CREATE_NEW&&Creates a new file. The function fails if the specified file already exists&&&&&创建一个新文件&.&如果该文件已经存在函数则会失败&.&&CREATE_ALWAYS&&Creates a new file. If the file exsts, the function overwrites the file and&&&&clears the existing attributes.&&&&&创建一个新文件&.&如果该文件已经存在&,&函数将覆盖已存在的文件并清除已存在的文件属性
&OPEN_EXISTING&&Opens the file. The function fails if the file does not exist.&&&&See the Remarks section for a discussion of why you should use the&&&&&OPEN_EXISTING flag if you are using the CreateFile function for devices,&&&&including the console.&&&&&打开一个文件&,&如果文件不存在函数将会失败&.&&&&&如查你使用&CreateFile&函数为设备装载控制台&.&请查看批注中的&"&为什么使用&&&&&OPEN_EXISTING&标志&"&的部分&.&&&&&OPEN_ALWAYS&&Opens the file, if it exsts. If the file does not exist, the function creates&&&&the file as if dwCreationDisposition were CREATE_NEW.&&&&&如果文件存在&,&打开文件&.&如果文件不存在&,&并且参数中有&CREATE_NEW&标志&,&则创建文件&.
&TRUNCATE_EXISTING&Opens the file. Once opened, the file is truncated so that its size is zero&&&&&bytes The calling process must open the file with at least GENERIC_WRITE access.&&&&The function fails if the file does not exist.&&&&&打开一个文件&,&每次打开&,&文件将被截至&0&字节&.&调用进程必须用&GENERIC_WRITE&访问模式打&&&&&&开文件&.&如果文件不存在则函数就会失败&.
dwFlagsAndatributes&Specifies the file attributes and flags for the file.&&为文件指定属性和标志位
&Any combination of the following attributes is acceptable for the dwFlagsAndAttributes parameter,&except all other file attributes override FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL.&&该参数可以接收下列属性的任意组合&.&除非其它所有的文件属性忽略&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL.&Attribute(&属性&)&&&Meaning(&标志&)&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE&&The ifle should be archived. Application use this attribute to mark&&&&&files for backup or removal.&&&&&&文件将被存档&,&程序使用此属性来标志文件去备份或移除
&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN&&The file is hidden. It is not to be included in an ordinary directory&&&&&listing.&&&&&&文件被隐藏&,&它不会在一般文件夹列表中被装载&.
&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL&&The file has no other attributes set. This attribute is valid only if&&&&&used alone&&&&&&文件没有被设置任何属性&.
&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE&&The data of the file is not immediately available. Indicates that the&&&&&file data has been physically moved to offline storage.&&&&&&文件的数据没有被立即用到。指出正在脱机使用该文件。
&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY&&The file is read only.Applications can read the file but cannot write&&&&&to it or delete it&&&&&&这个文件只可读取&.&程序可以读文件&,&但不可以在上面写入内容&,&也不可删除&.
&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM&&The file is part of or is used exclusively by the operation system.&&&&&&文件是系统的一部分&,&或是系统专用的&.
&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY&The file is being used for temporary storage. File systems attempt&&&&&to keep all of the data in memory for quicker access rather than&&&&&&flushing the data back to mass storage. A temporary file should be&&&&&&deleted by the application as soon as it is no longer needed.&&&&&&文件被使用后，文件系统将努力为（文件的）所有数据的迅迅访问保持一块&&&&&&&内存。临时文件应当在程序不用时及时删除。
&Any combination of the following flags is acceptable for the dwFlagsAndAttributes parameter.&dwFlagAndAttributes&可以接受下列标志的任意组合。
&FLAG&（标志）&&&&Meaning(&含义&)&FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH&&Instructs the system to write through any intermediate cache and go&&&&&directly to disk. The system can still cache write operations, but&&&&&cannot lazily flush them.&&&&&&指示系统通过快速缓存直接写入磁盘，
&FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED&&Instructs the system to initialize the object, so that operations that&&&&&take a significant amount of time to process return ERROR_IO_PENDING.&&&&&When the operation is finished, the specified event is set to the&&&&&&signaled state.&&&&&&指示系统初始化对象&,&此操作将对进程设置一个引用计数并返回&ERROR_IO_PENDING.&&&&&&处理完成后&,&指定对象将被设置为信号状态&.
&&&&&When you specify FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, the file read and write functions&&&&&must specify an OVERLAPPED structure. That is, when FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED&&&&&is specified, an application must perform overlapped parameter(pointing&&&&&to an OVERLAPPED structure)to the file read and write functions.&&&&&This flag also enables more than one operation to be performed&&&&&simultaneously with the handle(a simultaneous read and write operation,&&&&&for example).&&&&&&当你指定&FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED&时&,&读写文件的函数必须指定一个&OVERLAPPED&结构&.&&&&&&并且&.&当&FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED&被指定&,&程序必须执行重叠参数&(&指向&OVERLAPPED&&&&&&结构&)&去进行文件的读写&.&&&&&&这个标志也可以有超过一个操作去执行&.
&FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING&&Instructs the system to open the file with no intermediate buffering or&&&&&caching.When combined with FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, the flag gives maximum&&&&&asynchronous performance, because the I/O does not rely on the synchronous&&&&&operations of the memory manager. However, some I/O operations will take&&&&&longer, because data is not being held in the cache.&&&&&&指示系统不使用快速缓冲区或缓存，当和&FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED&组合&,&该标志给出最&&&&&&&大的异步操作量&,&因为&I/O&不依赖内存管理器的异步操作&.&然而&,&一些&I/O&操作将会运行&&&&&&&得长一些&,&因为数据没有控制在缓存中&.
&&&&&An application must meet certain requirements when working with files&&&&&&opened with FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING:&&&&&&当使用&FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING&打开文件进行工作时&,&程序必须达到下列要求&:&&&&&&&&&&&File access must begin at byte offsets within the file that are&&&&&&&integer multiples of the volume's sector size.&&&&&&&文件的存取开头的字节偏移量必须是扇区尺寸的整倍数&.&&&&&&&&&&&&File access must be for numbers of bytes that are integer&&&&&&&multiples of the volume's sector size. For example, if the sector&&&&&&size is 512 bytes, an application can request reads and writes of&&&&&&512, 1024, or 2048 bytes, but not of 335, 981, or 7171bytes.&&&&&&&文件存取的字节数必须是扇区尺寸的整倍数&.&例如&,&如果扇区尺寸是&512&字节&&&&&&&&程序就可以读或者写&512,1024&或者&2048&字节&,&但不能够是&335,981&或者&7171&&&&&&&字节&.
&&&&&&buffer addresses for read and write operations must be sector&&&&&&aligned(aligned on addresses in memory that are integer multiples&&&&&&of the volume's sector size).&&&&&&&进行读和写操作的地址必须在扇区的对齐位置&,&在内存中对齐的地址是扇区&&&&&&&&尺寸的整倍数&.
&&&&&One way to align buffers on integer multiples of the volume sector size is&&&&&to use VirtualAlloc to allocate the buffers, It allocates memory that is&&&&&&aligned on addresses that are integer multiples of the operating system's&&&&&memory page size. Because both memory page and volume sector sizes are&&&&&&powers of 2, this memory is also aligned on addresses that are integer&&&&&&multiples of a volume's sector size.&&&&&&一个将缓冲区与扇区尺寸对齐的途径是使用&VirtualAlloc&函数&.&它分配与操作系统&&&&&&&内存页大小的整倍数对齐的内存地址&.&因为内存页尺寸和扇区尺寸&--2&都是它们的幂&.&&&&&&这块内存在地址中同样与扇区尺寸大小的整倍数对齐&.
&&&&&An application can determine a volume's sector size by calling the&&&&&&GetDiskFreeSpace function&&&&&&程序可以通过调用&GetDiskFreeSpace&来确定扇区的尺寸&.
&FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS&&&&&Indicates that the file is accessed randomly. The system can use this as&&&&&a hint to optimize file caching.&&&&&&指定文件是随机访问&,&这个标志可以使系统优化文件的缓冲&.
&FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN&&&&&&Indicates that the file is to be accessed sequentially from beginning to&&&&&&end. The system can use this as a hint to optimize file caching. If an&&&&&&application moves the file pointer for random access, optimum caching may&&&&& however, correct operation is still guaranteed.&&&&&&指定文件将从头到尾连续地访问&.&这个标志可以提示系统优化文件缓冲&.&如果程序在&&&&&&&随机访问文件中移动文件指针&,&优化可能不会发生&;&然而&,&正确的操作仍然可以得到保&&&&&&&证&&&&&&&&&&&Specifying this flag can increase performance for applications that read&&&&&large files using sequential access, performance gains can be even more&&&&¬iceable for applications that read large files mostly sequentially,&&&&&but occasionally skip over small ranges of bytes.&&&&&&指定这个标志可以提高程序以顺序访问模式读取大文件的性能&,&性能的提高在许多&&&&&&&程序读取一些大的顺序文件时是异常明显的&.&但是可能会有小范围的字节遗漏&.
&FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE&Indicates that the operating system is to delete the file immediately&&&&&&after all of its handles have been closed, not just the handle for which&&&&&you specified FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE.&&&&&&指示系统在文件所有打开的句柄关闭后立即删除文件&.&不只有你可以指定&FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE&&&&&&&&&&Subsequent open requests for the file will fail, unless FILE_SHARE_DELETE&&&&&is used.&&&&&&如果没有使用&FILE_SHARE_DELETE,&后续的打开文件的请求将会失败&.
&FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS &WINDOWS NT:Indicates that the file is being opened or created for a backup&&&&&or restore operation.The system ensures that the calling process overrides&&&&&file security checks, provided it has the necessary privileges. The&&&&&&relevant privileges are SE_BACKUP_NAME and SE_RESTORE_NAME.&&&&&WINDOWS NT:&指示系统为文件的打开或创建执行一个备份或恢复操作&.&系统保证调&&&&&&&用进程忽略文件的安全选项&,&倘若它必须有一个特权&.&则相关的特权则是&SE_BACKUP_NAME&&&&&&和&SE_RESTORE_NAME.
&&&&&You can also set this flag to obtain a handle to a directory. A directory&&&&&handle can be passed to some Win32 functions in place of a file handle.&&&&&&你也可以使用这个标志获得一个文件夹的句柄，一个文件夹句柄能够象一个文件句柄&&&&&&&一样传给某些&Win32&函数。
&FILE_FLAG_POSIX_SEMANTICS&Indicates that the file is to be accessed according to POSIX rules. This&&&&&includes allowing multiple files with names, differing only in case, for file&&&&&systems that support such naming. Use care when using this option because&&&&&files created with this flag may not be accessible by applications written&&&&&for MS-DOS or 16-bit Windows.&&&&&&指明文件符合&POSIX&标准&.&这是在&MS-DOS&与&16&位&Windows&下的标准&.
&FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT&Specifying this flag inhibits the reparse behavior of NTFS reparse points.&&&&&When the file is opened, a file handle is returned, whether the filter that&&&&&controls the reparse point is operational or not. This flag cannot be used&&&&&with the CREATE_ALWAYS flag.&&&&&&指定这个标志制约&NTFS&分区指针&.&该标志不能够和&CREAT_ALWAYS&一起使用&.
&FILE_FLAG_OPEN_NO_RECALL&Indicates that the file data is requested,but it should continue to reside in&&&&&remote storage. It should not be transported back to local storage. This flag&&&&&is intended for use by remote storage systems or the Hierarchical Storage&&&&&Management system.&&&&&&指明需要文件数据&,&但是将继续从远程存储器中接收&.&它不会将数据存放在本地存储器中&.&&&&&&这个标志由远程存储系统或等级存储管理器系统使用&.
hTemplateFile&Specifies a handle with GENERIC_READ access to a template file. The template file supplies file attributes and&extended attributes for the file being created.&&为&GENERIC_READ&访问的模式指定一个句柄到模板文件&.&模板文件在文件开始创建后提供文件属性和扩展属性&.
Return Values返回值
If the function succeeds, the return value is an open handle to the specified file. If the specified file exists beforethe function call and dwCreation is CREATE_ALWAYS or OPEN_ALWAYS, a call to GetLastError returns ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS(even though the function has succeeded). If the file does not exist before the call, GetLastError returns zero.如果函数成功&,&返回一个打开的指定文件的句柄&.&如果指定文件在函数调用前已经存在并且&dwCreation&参数是&CREATE_ALWAYS&或者&OPEN_ALWAYS,&调用&GetLastError&就会返回&ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS(&表示函数成功&).&如果函数文件在调用前不存在则会返回&0.
If the function fails, the return value is INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.To get extended error information, call GetLastError.如果函数失败&,&返会值会是&INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.&更多的错误信息可以调用&GetLastError&来获得&.
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Views(...) Comments()CreateFile用法和例子
函数原型：　
HANDLE CreateFile(
　　LPCTSTR lpFileName, //指向文件名的指针
　　DWORD dwDesiredAccess, //访问模式（写/读）
　　DWORD dwShareMode, //共享模式
　　LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, //指向安全属性的指针
　　DWORD dwCreationDisposition, //如何创建
　　DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, //文件属性
　　HANDLE hTemplateFile //用于复制文件句柄
　　参数列表
　　lpFileName String 要打开的文件的名字
　　dwDesiredAccess Long 如果为 GENERIC_READ 表示允许对设备进行读访问；如果为
GENERIC_WRITE 表示允许对设备进行写访问（可组合使用）；如果为零，表示只允许获取与一个设备有关的信息
　　dwShareMode Long， 零表示不共享； FILE_SHARE_READ 和/或 FILE_SHARE_WRITE
表示允许对文件进行共享访问
　　lpSecurityAttributes SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES，
指向一个SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES结构的指针，定义了文件的安全特性（如果操作系统支持的话）
　　dwCreationDisposition Long，下述常数之一：
　　CREATE_NEW 创建文件；如文件存在则会出错
　　CREATE_ALWAYS 创建文件，会改写前一个文件
　　OPEN_EXISTING 文件必须已经存在。由设备提出要求
　　OPEN_ALWAYS 如文件不存在则创建它
　　TRUNCATE_EXISTING 讲现有文件缩短为零长度
　　dwFlagsAndAttributes Long， 一个或多个下述常数
　　FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE 标记归档属性
　　FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED 将文件标记为已压缩，或者标记为文件在目录中的默认压缩方式
　　FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL 默认属性
　　FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN 隐藏文件或目录
　　FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY 文件为只读
　　FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM 文件为系统文件
　　FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH 操作系统不得推迟对文件的写操作
　　FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED 允许对文件进行重叠操作
　　FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING 禁止对文件进行缓冲处理。文件只能写入磁盘卷的扇区块
　　FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS 针对随机访问对文件缓冲进行优化
　　FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN 针对连续访问对文件缓冲进行优化
　　FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE 关闭了上一次打开的句柄后，将文件删除。特别适合临时文件
　　也可在Windows NT下组合使用下述常数标记：
　　SECURITY_ANONYMOUS， SECURITY_IDENTIFICATION，
SECURITY_IMPERSONATION， SECURITY_DELEGATION，
SECURITY_CONTEXT_TRACKING， SECURITY_EFFECTIVE_ONLY
　　hTemplateFile Long， 如果不为零，则指定一个文件句柄。新文件将从这个文件中复制扩展属性
　　如执行成功，则返回文件句柄。
　　INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE表示出错，会设置GetLastError。即使函数成功，但若文件存在，且指定了CREATE_ALWAYS
或 OPEN_ALWAYS，GetLastError也会设为ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS
（以上摘自百度百科）
1、直接在函数内指定文件地址：
void playCEwav()
int fileSize = 0;
HANDLE hOpenFile =
(HANDLE)CreateFile(L"E:\\a.text", GENERIC_READ,
FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL, NULL);
if (hOpenFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
hOpenFile = NULL;
MessageBoxA(NULL, "Can not open the file", "Playwav",
fileSize = GetFileSize(hOpenFile, NULL);
pBuffer = (CHAR *) malloc(fileSize);
ReadFile(hOpenFile, pBuffer, fileSize, &RSize,
//可将pBuffer显示在某区域或写入另一个文件来检查读出是否正确
free(pBuffer);
2、把文件地址通过参数传入：
void playwav(TCHAR *
int fileSize = 0;
TCHAR szPath[100];
memset(szPath, 0, sizeof(szPath));
_tcscpy(szPath, path);
HANDLE hOpenFile =
(HANDLE)CreateFile(szPath, GENERIC_READ,
FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL, NULL);
if (hOpenFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
hOpenFile = NULL;
MessageBoxA(NULL, "Can not open the file", "Playwav",
fileSize = GetFileSize(hOpenFile, NULL);
pBuffer = (CHAR *) malloc(fileSize);
ReadFile(hOpenFile, pBuffer, fileSize, &RSize,
free(pBuffer);
CreateFile
The CreateFile function creates or
opens the following objects and returns a handle that can be used
the object:
communications resources
disk devices(Windows NT only)
directories(open only)
CreateFile
函数创建或打开下列对象，并返回一个可以用来访问这些对象的句柄。
磁盘驱动器（仅适用于 windowsNT
文件夹（仅用于打开）
HANDLE CreateFile(
LPCTSTR lpFileName, //
指向文件名的指针
DWORD dwDesiredAccess, //
访问模式（写 /
DWORD dwShareMode, //
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, //
指向安全属性的指针
DWORD dwCreationDisposition, //
DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, //
HANDLE hTemplateFile //
用于复制文件句柄
Parametes参数列表
类型及说明
lpFileName
，要打开的文件的名字
dwDesiredAccess
，如果为 GENERIC_READ
表示允许对设备进行读访问；如果为 GENERIC_WRITE
表示允许对设备进行写访问（可组合使用）；如果为零，表示只允许获取与一个设备有关的信息
dwShareMode
，零表示不共享； FILE_SHARE_READ
或 FILE_SHARE_WRITE
表示允许对文件进行共享访问
lpSecurityAttributes
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
，指向一个 SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
结构的指针，定义了文件的安全特性（如果操作系统支持的话）
dwCreationDisposition
，下述常数之一：
CREATE_NEW
创建文件；如文件存在则会出错
CREATE_ALWAYS
创建文件，会改写前一个文件
OPEN_EXISTING
文件必须已经存在。由设备提出要求
OPEN_ALWAYS
如文件不存在则创建它
TRUNCATE_EXISTING
讲现有文件缩短为零长度
dwFlagsAndAttributes
，一个或多个下述常数
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE
标记归档属性
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED
将文件标记为已压缩，或者标记为文件在目录中的默认压缩方式
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN
隐藏文件或目录
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
文件为只读
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM
文件为系统文件
FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH
操作系统不得推迟对文件的写操作
FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED
允许对文件进行重叠操作
FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING
禁止对文件进行缓冲处理。文件只能写入磁盘卷的扇区块
FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS
针对随机访问对文件缓冲进行优化
FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN
针对连续访问对文件缓冲进行优化
FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE
关闭了上一次打开的句柄后，将文件删除。特别适合临时文件
也可在 Windows NT
下组合使用下述常数标记：
SECURITY_ANONYMOUS
， SECURITY_IDENTIFICATION
， SECURITY_IMPERSONATION
， SECURITY_DELEGATION
， SECURITY_CONTEXT_TRACKING
， SECURITY_EFFECTIVE_ONLY
hTemplateFile
，如果不为零，则指定一个文件句柄。新文件将从这个文件中复制扩展属性
如执行成功，则返回文件句柄。 INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
表示出错，会设置
。即使函数成功，但若文件存在，且指定了 CREATE_ALWAYS
或 OPEN_ALWAYS
也会设为 ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS
lpFileName
Pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the name of the
object(file, pipe, mailslot,
communications resource, disk device, console, or directory) to
create or open.
指向一个空结尾字符串。该参数指定了用于创建或打开句柄的对象。
if *lpFileName is a path, there is a
default string size limit of MAX_PATH characters, This limit
related to how the CreateFile function parses paths.
如果 lpFileName
的对象是一个路径，则有一个最大字符数的限制。不能超过常量 (MAX_PATH).
这个限制指示了
CreateFile
函数如何解析路径 .
dwDesiredAccess
Specifies the type of access to the object. An application can
obtain read access, write access,
read-write access, or device query access, This parameter can be
any combination of the following
指定对象的访问方式 ,
程序可以获得读访问权 ,
写访问权 ,
读写访问权或者是询问设备 ("device query")
这个参数可以是下列值的任意组合
值 ) Meaning(
0 Specifies device query access to the object. An application can
query device
attributes without accessing the device.
指定询问访问权 .
程序可以在不直接访问设备的情况下查询设备的属性 .
GENERIC_READ Specifies read access to
the object, Data can be read from the file and the
file pointer can be moved. Combine with GENERIC_WRITE for
read-write access.
指定读访问权 .
可以从文件中读取数据 ,
并且移动文件指针 .
可以和 GENERIC_WRITE
读写访问权 ".
GENERIC_WRITE specifies write access
to the object. Data can be written to the file and the
file pointer can be moved. Combine with GENERIC_READ fro read-write
指定写访问权 .
可以从文件中写入数据 ,
并且移动文件指针 .
可以和 GENERIC_READ
读写访问权 ".
dwShareMode
Set of bit flags that specifies how the object can be shared, If
dwShareMode is 0, the object cannot
be shared. Subsequent open operations on the object will fail,
until the handle is closed.
设置位标志指明对象如休共享 .
如果参数是 0,
对象不能够共享 .
后续的打开对象的操作将会失败 ,
直到该对象的句
To share the object, use a
combination of one or more of the following values:
使用一个或多个下列值的组合来共享一个对象 .
值 ) Meaning(
FILE_SHARE_DELETE WindowsNT: Subsequent open operations on the
object will succeed only if
delete access is requested.
WINDOWS NT:
后续的仅仅请求删除访问权的打开操作将会成功 .
FILE_SHARE_READ Subsequent open
operations on the object will successd only if read access
is requested.
后续的仅仅请求读访问权的打开操作将会成功 .
FILE_SHARE_WRITE Subsequent open
operations on the object will succeed only if write access
is requested.
后续的仅仅请求写访问权的打开操作将会成功 .
lpSecurityAttributes
pointer to a SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES structure that determines whether
the returned handle can be
inherited by child processes, if lpSecurityAttributes is NULL, the
handle cannot be inherited.
指向一个 SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
结构的指针用于确定如何在子进程中继承这个句柄 .
如果这个参数是 NULL,
则该句柄不可继承 .
dwCreationDisposition
Specifies which action to take on files that exist, and which
action to take when files do not exist.
For more information about this parameter, see the remarks section.
This parameter must be one of the
following values
指定当文件存在或者不存在时如何动作。关于这个参数更多的信息，参考批注部分。这个参数必须是一个或多个
值 ) Neaning(
CREATE_NEW Creates a new file. The function fails if the specified
file already exists
创建一个新文件 .
如果该文件已经存在函数则会失败 .
CREATE_ALWAYS Creates a new file. If the file exsts, the function
overwrites the file and
clears the existing attributes.
创建一个新文件 .
如果该文件已经存在 ,
函数将覆盖已存在的文件并清除已存在的文件属性
OPEN_EXISTING Opens the file. The
function fails if the file does not exist.
See the Remarks section for a discussion of why you should use
OPEN_EXISTING flag if you are using the CreateFile function for
including the console.
打开一个文件 ,
如果文件不存在函数将会失败 .
如查你使用 CreateFile
函数为设备装载控制台 .
请查看批注中的 "
为什么使用
OPEN_EXISTING
OPEN_ALWAYS Opens the file, if it exsts. If the file does not
exist, the function creates
the file as if dwCreationDisposition were CREATE_NEW.
如果文件存在 ,
打开文件 .
如果文件不存在 ,
并且参数中有 CREATE_NEW
则创建文件 .
TRUNCATE_EXISTING Opens the file.
Once opened, the file is truncated so that its size is zero
bytes The calling process must open the file with at least
GENERIC_WRITE access.
The function fails if the file does not exist.
打开一个文件 ,
每次打开 ,
文件将被截至 0
调用进程必须用 GENERIC_WRITE
访问模式打
如果文件不存在则函数就会失败 .
dwFlagsAndatributes
Specifies the file attributes and flags for the file.
为文件指定属性和标志位
Any combination of the following
attributes is acceptable for the dwFlagsAndAttributes
parameter,
except all other file attributes override
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL.
该参数可以接收下列属性的任意组合 .
除非其它所有的文件属性忽略 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL.
Attribute(
属性 ) Meaning(
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE The ifle should be archived. Application use
this attribute to mark
files for backup or removal.
文件将被存档 ,
程序使用此属性来标志文件去备份或移除
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN The file is
hidden. It is not to be included in an ordinary directory
文件被隐藏 ,
它不会在一般文件夹列表中被装载 .
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL The file has no
other attributes set. This attribute is valid only if
used alone
文件没有被设置任何属性 .
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE The data of the file is not immediately
available. Indicates that the
file data has been physically moved to offline
文件的数据没有被立即用到。指出正在脱机使用该文件。
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY The file is
read only.Applications can read the file but cannot write
to it or delete it
这个文件只可读取 .
程序可以读文件 ,
但不可以在上面写入内容 ,
也不可删除 .
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM The file is
part of or is used exclusively by the operation
文件是系统的一部分 ,
或是系统专用的 .
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY The file is
being used for temporary storage. File systems attempt
to keep all of the data in memory for quicker access rather
flushing the data back to mass storage. A temporary file should
deleted by the application as soon as it is no longer
文件被使用后，文件系统将努力为（文件的）所有数据的迅迅访问保持一块
内存。临时文件应当在程序不用时及时删除。
Any combination of the following
flags is acceptable for the dwFlagsAndAttributes parameter.
dwFlagAndAttributes
可以接受下列标志的任意组合。
（标志） Meaning(
FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH Instructs the system to write through any
intermediate cache and go
directly to disk. The system can still cache write operations,
cannot lazily flush them.
指示系统通过快速缓存直接写入磁盘，
FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED Instructs the
system to initialize the object, so that operations that
take a significant amount of time to process return
ERROR_IO_PENDING.
When the operation is finished, the specified event is set to
signaled state.
指示系统初始化对象 ,
此操作将对进程设置一个引用计数并返回 ERROR_IO_PENDING.
处理完成后 ,
指定对象将被设置为信号状态 .
When you specify
FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, the file read and write functions
must specify an OVERLAPPED structure. That is, when
FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED
is specified, an application must perform overlapped
parameter(pointing
to an OVERLAPPED structure)to the file read and write
functions.
This flag also enables more than one operation to be
simultaneously with the handle(a simultaneous read and write
operation,
for example).
当你指定 FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED
读写文件的函数必须指定一个 OVERLAPPED
当 FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED
程序必须执行重叠参数 (
指向 OVERLAPPED
去进行文件的读写 .
这个标志也可以有超过一个操作去执行 .
FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING Instructs the
system to open the file with no intermediate buffering or
caching.When combined with FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, the flag gives
asynchronous performance, because the I/O does not rely on the
synchronous
operations of the memory manager. However, some I/O operations will
longer, because data is not being held in the cache.
指示系统不使用快速缓冲区或缓存，当和 FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED
该标志给出最
大的异步操作量 ,
不依赖内存管理器的异步操作 .
操作将会运行
得长一些 ,
因为数据没有控制在缓存中 .
An application must meet certain
requirements when working with files
opened with FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING:
当使用 FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING
打开文件进行工作时 ,
程序必须达到下列要求 :
File access must begin at byte offsets within the file that
integer multiples of the volume's sector size.
文件的存取开头的字节偏移量必须是扇区尺寸的整倍数 .
File access must be for numbers of bytes that are integer
multiples of the volume's sector size. For example, if the
size is 512 bytes, an application can request reads and writes
512, 1024, or 2048 bytes, but not of 335, 981, or
7171bytes.
文件存取的字节数必须是扇区尺寸的整倍数 .
如果扇区尺寸是 512
程序就可以读或者写 512,1024
但不能够是 335,981
buffer addresses for read and write
operations must be sector
aligned(aligned on addresses in memory that are integer
of the volume's sector size).
进行读和写操作的地址必须在扇区的对齐位置 ,
在内存中对齐的地址是扇区
尺寸的整倍数 .
One way to align buffers on integer
multiples of the volume sector size is
to use VirtualAlloc to allocate the buffers, It allocates memory
aligned on addresses that are integer multiples of the operating
memory page size. Because both memory page and volume sector sizes
powers of 2, this memory is also aligned on addresses that are
multiples of a volume's sector size.
一个将缓冲区与扇区尺寸对齐的途径是使用 VirtualAlloc
它分配与操作系统
内存页大小的整倍数对齐的内存地址 .
因为内存页尺寸和扇区尺寸 --2
都是它们的幂 .
这块内存在地址中同样与扇区尺寸大小的整倍数对齐 .
An application can determine a
volume's sector size by calling the
GetDiskFreeSpace function
程序可以通过调用 GetDiskFreeSpace
来确定扇区的尺寸 .
FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS
Indicates that the file is accessed randomly. The system can use
a hint to optimize file caching.
指定文件是随机访问 ,
这个标志可以使系统优化文件的缓冲 .
FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN
Indicates that the file is to be accessed sequentially from
beginning to
end. The system can use this as a hint to optimize file caching. If
application moves the file pointer for random access, optimum
caching may
however, correct operation is still
guaranteed.
指定文件将从头到尾连续地访问 .
这个标志可以提示系统优化文件缓冲 .
如果程序在
随机访问文件中移动文件指针 ,
优化可能不会发生 ;
正确的操作仍然可以得到保
Specifying this flag can increase performance for applications that
large files using sequential access, performance gains can be even
noticeable for applications that read large files mostly
sequentially,
but occasionally skip over small ranges of bytes.
指定这个标志可以提高程序以顺序访问模式读取大文件的性能 ,
性能的提高在许多
程序读取一些大的顺序文件时是异常明显的 .
但是可能会有小范围的字节遗漏 .
FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE Indicates that the operating system is to
delete the file immediately
after all of its handles have been closed, not just the handle for
you specified FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE.
指示系统在文件所有打开的句柄关闭后立即删除文件 .
不只有你可以指定 FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE
Subsequent open requests for the file will fail, unless
FILE_SHARE_DELETE
如果没有使用 FILE_SHARE_DELETE,
后续的打开文件的请求将会失败 .
FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS WINDOWS
NT:Indicates that the file is being opened or created for a
or restore operation.The system ensures that the calling process
file security checks, provided it has the necessary privileges.
relevant privileges are SE_BACKUP_NAME and SE_RESTORE_NAME.
WINDOWS NT:
指示系统为文件的打开或创建执行一个备份或恢复操作 .
系统保证调
用进程忽略文件的安全选项 ,
倘若它必须有一个特权 .
则相关的特权则是 SE_BACKUP_NAME
和 SE_RESTORE_NAME.
You can also set this flag to obtain
a handle to a directory. A directory
handle can be passed to some Win32 functions in place of a file
你也可以使用这个标志获得一个文件夹的句柄，一个文件夹句柄能够象一个文件句柄
一样传给某些 Win32
FILE_FLAG_POSIX_SEMANTICS Indicates
that the file is to be accessed according to POSIX rules.
includes allowing multiple files with names, differing only in
case, for file
systems that support such naming. Use care when using this option
files created with this flag may not be accessible by applications
for MS-DOS or 16-bit Windows.
指明文件符合 POSIX
这是在 MS-DOS
位 Windows
下的标准 .
FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT
Specifying this flag inhibits the reparse behavior of NTFS reparse
When the file is opened, a file handle is returned, whether the
filter that
controls the reparse point is operational or not. This flag cannot
with the CREATE_ALWAYS flag.
指定这个标志制约 NTFS
分区指针 .
该标志不能够和 CREAT_ALWAYS
一起使用 .
FILE_FLAG_OPEN_NO_RECALL Indicates
that the file data is requested,but it should continue to reside
remote storage. It should not be transported back to local storage.
is intended for use by remote storage systems or the Hierarchical
Management system.
指明需要文件数据 ,
但是将继续从远程存储器中接收 .
它不会将数据存放在本地存储器中 .
这个标志由远程存储系统或等级存储管理器系统使用 .
hTemplateFile
Specifies a handle with GENERIC_READ access to a template file. The
template file supplies file attributes and
extended attributes for the file being created.
为 GENERIC_READ
访问的模式指定一个句柄到模板文件 .
模板文件在文件开始创建后提供文件属性和扩展属性 .
Values返回值
If the function succeeds, the return
value is an open handle to the specified file. If the specified
file exists before
the function call and dwCreation is CREATE_ALWAYS or OPEN_ALWAYS, a
call to GetLastError returns ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS
(even though the function has succeeded). If the file does not
exist before the call, GetLastError returns
zero.如果函数成功
返回一个打开的指定文件的句柄 .
如果指定文件在函数调用前已经存在并且 dwCreation
参数是 CREATE_ALWAYS
OPEN_ALWAYS,
调用 GetLastError
就会返回 ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS(
表示函数成功 ).
如果函数文件在调用前不存在则会返回 0.
If the function fails, the return
value is INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.To get extended error information,
call GetLastError.如果函数失败
返会值会是 INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.
更多的错误信息可以调用 GetLastError
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