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项目名称城市污水处理工艺系统节能优化设计理论研究
负责人& 教授
批准金额28 万元
所属类别面上项目
本项目在对国内典型污水处理工艺特点和能耗状况调查，并就国内外节能技术、策略相关研究资料深入分析的基础上，进行了能量审计的方法、污水处理能量耗散机理和节能原理的理论、污染物化学有效能与常规水质指标COD和TOC的定量关系等的建立；在化学能质变的层面上建立了能耗指标研究的基本范式，对污水处理工艺进行了能量平衡分析；通过生物处理单元能量平衡模型的预测和分析，在总结活性污泥法工艺系统最优化设计研究现状的基础上，参照IAWQ-ASM模型结构化建模的思想，结合本研究提出的污水处理系统能耗能效评价指标体系和相关模型，根据活性污泥脱氮除磷机理在国内首次建构了A2/O系统工艺优化设计与仿真模型。该优化设计系统模型由22个有关流量的线性等式约束、9个有关系统功能的线性不等式约束和66个有关反应过程模拟的非线性等式约束所构成。针对所建优化设计模型的高度非线性、多变量、多约束、多维数等数学特征，提出了采用序列二次规划（SQP）进行优化求解的策略。采用Matlab编制了计算程序，通过实例运算表明：本研究所建立的最优化设计模型和优化程序具备良好的开放性、通用性和可扩展性，在污水处理厂节能优化设计方面良好的应用。
英文摘要In this program, based on the investigation on energy utilization status of the representative domestic wastewater treatment processes, with the aid of thermodynamics, biothermodynamics and the principles of chemical reactions, analysis and research on thermodynamic and kinetic relations in microbial growth and substrate utilization in the biological wastewater treatment process were carried out, and an energy-consumption index system, a mathematical model for calculation of energy balance assessment in biological wastewater treatment process were submitted, some energy-saving means, and optimization technical design principles for municipal wastewater treatment plants were developed .Detailed works and major conclusion is as follows:
(1)Correlative theory of chemical thermodynamics and bio-thermodynamics is integrated in the report, and some research fruits are epitomized on energy transfer during organic metabolism. Furthermore, thermodynamic model for cell proliferation are narrated and appraised.
(2)Concept of pollutants' chemical energy was consummated as well as its calculation procedure. In terms of different hierarchy from quantitative change to qualitative change of chemical energy, quantitative relationship was established between pollutant's chemical enthalpy or exergy and conventional water quality indexes (TOC and COD). Then coupling between pollutant's concentration indexes and energy indexes had been realized.
(3)Energy balancing black box model and exergy balancing gray box model for wastewater biological treatment unit were established for the first time, through which expression about exterior energy consumption and interior energy transfer in treatment process were unified. These two approaches of energy analysis combined, performance and energy utilization state of four secondary treatment processes are reviewed. Technical index system is advanced to evaluate energy utilization and recovery efficiency of municipal WWTP. Comparison is made of the application between specific energy consumption factor and thermal efficiency factor.
(4)Energy analysis approach mentioned above was applied to operation renovation in a secondary WWTP, and energy balancing analysis and energy using evaluation were carried out for operation cycle recommended. Energy balancing analysis approach makes study on energy conversion, transformation and dissipation of treatment system
Intermittent aeration process can noticeably improved energy utilization factor and exergy efficiency of wastewater bio-treatment unit and its energy utilization structur Decrease of energy consumption in aeration system comes from reduction of exterior exergy loss under the operation mode, eventually waste sludge pr excellent effluent specially nitrogen removal could be acquired through continuous flow-intermittent aeration process.
(5)According to the mechanism theories of IAWQ-ASM, an whole frame model, a systematic mathematics model and an expense target function model were established, which were used for one of nitrogen and phosphor removal activated-sludge process-A2/O. Then above three models were integrated into a mathematical optimized programming problem and a Sequence Quadic Programming was adopted to solve it. Practical cases research indicated that if the set of design model was adopted to optimized scheme design, total expense would be less 10% than traditional design method. Application of the optimized-method to engineering designing not only ensure organic integrality of biological treatment systems, but also increase designing efficiency and veracity.
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