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Configuration:
Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS
Nginx/1.4.6
After running the kill command, I got the 502 Bad Gateway error for all my websites that use php. I've checked other topics on Stackoverflow which unfortunately haven't helped me.
If I try to restart php5-fpm, I get:
stop: Unknown instance:
php5-fpm start/running, process 12915
And I haven't found the php5-fpm.sock to /var/run/ or /var/run/php5-fpm.
The following Nginx configuration was working fine until I used the kill command on php5-fpm:
listen 80;
root /var/www/
index index.html index.
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
# NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
# With php5-cgi alone:
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# With php5-fpm:
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.
fastcgi_index index.
include fastcgi_
File: /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
; Start a new pool named 'www'.
; the variable $pool can we used in any directive and will be replaced by the
; pool name ('www' here)
; Per pool prefix
; It only applies on the following directives:
; - 'slowlog'
; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
; - 'chroot'
; - 'chdir'
; - 'php_values'
; - 'php_admin_values'
; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr) applies instead.
; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
; Default Value: none
;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool
; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
will be used.
user = www-data
group = www-data
; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
'ip.add.re.ss:port'
- to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on
- to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a
'/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock
; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 65535 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 65535
; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
mode is set to 0660
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode = 0660
; List of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
; accepted from any ip address.
; Default Value: any
;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
- The pool processes will inherit the master process priority
unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; priority = -19
; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
- a fixed number (pm.max_children)
dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
following directives. With this process management, there will be
always at least 1 children.
pm.max_children
- the maximum number of children that can
be alive at the same time.
pm.start_servers
- the number of children created on startup.
pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
state (waiting to process). If the number
of 'idle' processes is less than this
number then some children will be created.
pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
state (waiting to process). If the number
of 'idle' processes is greater than this
number then some children will be killed.
ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
pm.max_children
- the maximum number of children that
can be alive at the same time.
pm.process_idle_timeout
- The number of seconds after which
an idle process will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic
; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 5
; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 2
; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
; Default Value: 10s
;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;
; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
;pm.max_requests = 500
; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations:
process manager
start time
- the date and time FPM
start since
- number of seconds since FPM
accepted conn
- the number of request
listen queue
- the number of request in the queue of pending
connections (see backlog in listen(2));
max listen queue
- the maximum number of requests in the queue
of pending connections since FPM
listen queue len
- the size of the socket queue of
idle processes
- the numb
active processes
- the number
total processes
- the number of idle +
max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM
max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,
when pm tries to start more children (works only for
pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');
; Value are updated in real time.
; Example output:
process manager:
start time:
01/Jul/:49 +0200
start since:
accepted conn:
listen queue:
max listen queue:
listen queue len:
idle processes:
active processes:
total processes:
max active processes: 12
max children reached: 0
; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding
; output syntax. Example:
http://www.foo.bar/status
http://www.foo.bar/status?json
http://www.foo.bar/status?html
http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the
; query string will also return status for each pool process.
; Example:
http://www.foo.bar/status?full
http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
; The Full status returns for each process:
- the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);
start time
- the date and time the
start since
- the number of seconds since the
- the number of requests th
request duration
- the duration i
request method
- the request method (GET, POST, ...);
request URI
- the request URI w
content length
- the content length of the request (only with POST);
- the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);
- the main script called (or '-' if not set);
last request cpu
- the %cpu the last request consumed
it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
because CPU calculation is done when the request
last request memory
- the max amount of memory the last request consumed
it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
because memory calculation is done when the request
; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
; the current request being served.
; Example output:
************************
start time:
01/Jul/:49 +0200
start since:
request duration:
request method:
request URI:
/test_mem.php?N=10000
content length:
/home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
last request cpu:
last request memory:
; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
It's available in: ${prefix}/share/fpm/status.html
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;pm.status_path = /status
; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;ping.path = /ping
; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
; Default Value: pong
;ping.response = pong
; The access log file
; Default: not set
;access.log = log/$pool.access.log
; The access log format.
; The following syntax is allowed
%%: the '%' character
%C: %CPU used by the request
it can accept the following format:
- %{user}C for user CPU only
- %{system}C for system CPU only
- %{total}C
for user + system CPU (default)
%d: time taken to serve the request
it can accept the following format:
- %{seconds}d (default)
- %{miliseconds}d
- %{mili}d
- %{microseconds}d
- %{micro}d
%e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)
it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
variable. Some exemples:
- server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e
- HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e
%f: script filename
%l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
%m: request method
%M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
it can accept the following format:
- %{bytes}M (default)
- %{kilobytes}M
- %{kilo}M
- %{megabytes}M
- %{mega}M
%n: pool name
%o: output header
it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
- %{Content-Type}o
- %{X-Powered-By}o
- %{Transfert-Encoding}o
%p: PID of the child that serviced the request
%P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
%q: the query string
%Q: the '?' character if query string exists
%r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
%R: remote IP address
%s: status (response code)
%t: server time the request was received
it can accept a strftime(3) format:
%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
%T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
it can accept a strftime(3) format:
%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
%u: remote user
; Default: "%R - %u %t \"%m %r\" %s"
;access.format = "%R - %u %t \"%m %r%Q%q\" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%"
; The log file for slow requests
; Default Value: not set
; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow
; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_slowlog_timeout = 0
; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_terminate_timeout = 0
; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_files = 1024
; Set max core size rlimit.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0
; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one
; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
; will be used instead.
; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever
possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
(error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
; Default Value: not set
; Chdir to this directory at the start.
; Note: relative path can be used.
; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page
; process time (several ms).
; Default Value: no
;catch_workers_output = yes
; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
; exectute php code.
; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
; Default Value: .php
;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5
; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
; the current environment.
; Default Value: clean env
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
;env[TMP] = /tmp
;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
;env[TEMP] = /tmp
; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
; same as the PHP SAPI:
php_value/php_flag
- you can set classic ini defines which can
be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'.
php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by
PHP call 'ini_set'
; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.
; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
; instead.
; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
; (pool, global or /usr)
; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
specified at startup with the -d argument
;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@
;php_flag[display_errors] = off
;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M
My php-fpm.conf file:
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install
; prefix (/usr). This prefix can be dynamically changed by using the
; '-p' argument from the command line.
; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of
; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
- the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
- /usr otherwise
;include=/etc/php5/fpm/*.conf
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Global O
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Pid file
; Note: the default prefix is /var
; Default Value: none
pid = /var/run/php5-fpm.pid
; Error log file
; If it's set to "syslog", log is sent to syslogd instead of being written
; in a local file.
; Note: the default prefix is /var
; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log
error_log = /var/log/php5-fpm.log
; syslog_facility is used to specify what type of program is logging the
; message. This lets syslogd specify that messages from different facilities
; will be handled differently.
; See syslog(3) for possible values (ex daemon equiv LOG_DAEMON)
; Default Value: daemon
;syslog.facility = daemon
; syslog_ident is prepended to every message. If you have multiple FPM
; instances running on the same server, you can change the default value
; which must suit common needs.
; Default Value: php-fpm
;syslog.ident = php-fpm
; Log level
; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug
; Default Value: notice
;log_level = notice
; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time
; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value
; of '0' means 'Off'.
; Default Value: 0
;emergency_restart_threshold = 0
; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when
; a graceful restart will be initiated.
This can be useful to work around
; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory.
; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Unit: seconds
; Default Value: 0
;emergency_restart_interval = 0
; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master.
; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Unit: seconds
; Default Value: 0
;process_control_timeout = 0
; The maximum number of processes FPM will fork. This has been design to control
; the global number of processes when using dynamic PM within a lot of pools.
; Use it with caution.
; Note: A value of 0 indicates no limit
; Default Value: 0
; process.max = 128
; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the master process (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
- The pool process will inherit the master process priority
unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; process.priority = -19
; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging.
; Default Value: yes
;daemonize = yes
; Set open file descriptor rlimit for the master process.
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_files = 1024
; Set max core size rlimit for the master process.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0
; Specify the event mechanism FPM will use. The following is available:
; - select
(any POSIX os)
(any POSIX os)
(linux &= 2.5.44)
; - kqueue
(FreeBSD &= 4.1, OpenBSD &= 2.9, NetBSD &= 2.0)
; - /dev/poll
(Solaris &= 7)
(Solaris &= 10)
; Default Value: not set (auto detection)
;events.mechanism = epoll
; When FPM is build with systemd integration, specify the interval,
; in second, between health report notification to systemd.
; Set to 0 to disable.
; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours)
; Default Unit: seconds
; Default value: 10
;systemd_interval = 10
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening
; ports and different management options.
The name of the pool will be
; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which
; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :)
; To configure the pools it is recommended to have one .conf file per
; pool in the following directory:
include=/etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/*.conf
Can you help me please? Thanks.
I think it could be that the www-data user doesn't have access to the log directory
My best guess: the unix: prefix in listen = unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock in
your /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf shouldn't be there.
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