求星际争霸7VS1 SUPER COMPUTER下载地址_百度知道What is supercomputer? - Definition
supercomputer
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A supercomputer is a computer that performs at or near the currently highest operational rate for computers.& Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great amount of computation (or both).&Although advances like& and
(general-purpose graphics processing units)&have enabled powerful machines&for personal use (see: , ),&by definition, a supercomputer is exceptional in terms of performance.
At any given time, there are a few well-publicized supercomputers that operate at extremely high speeds relative to all other computers. The term is also sometimes applied to far slower (but still impressively fast) computers. The largest, most powerful supercomputers are really multiple computers that perform . In general, there are two parallel processing approaches: symmetric multiprocessing () and massively parallel processing ().
As of June 2016, the fastest supercomputer in the world was the Sunway TaihuLight, in the city of Wixu in China. A few statistics on TaihuLight:
40,960 64-bit, RISC processors with 260 cores each.
Peak performance of 125 petaflops (quadrillion floating point operations per second).
32GB DDR3 memory per compute node,& 1.3 PB memory in total.
Linux-based Sunway Raise operating system (OS).
Notable supercomputers throughout history:
The first commercially successful supercomputer, the CDC (Control Data Corporation) 6600 was designed by Seymour Cray. Released in 1964, the CDC 6600 had a single CPU and cost $8 million & the equivalent of $60 million today. The CDC could handle three million floating point operations per second (flops).
Cray went on to found a supercomputer company under his name in 1972. Although the company has changed hands a number of times it is still in operation. In September 2008, Cray and Microsoft launched CX1, a $25,000 personal supercomputer aimed at markets such as& aerospace, automotive, academic, financial services and life sciences.
IBM has been a keen competitor. The company's , once the top-ranked supercomputer, was twice as fast as IBM's
and six times as fast as any of other supercomputers at that time.
is famous for having adopted
to beat champion Ken Jennings on Jeopardy!, a popular quiz show.
Top supercomputers of recent years:
Supercomputer
Peak speed& (Rmax)
Sunway TaihuLight
93.01&PFLOPS
Wuxi, China
NUDT&Tianhe-2
33.86&PFLOPS
Guangzhou, China
Cray&Titan
17.59&PFLOPS
Oak Ridge, U.S.
IBM&Sequoia
17.17&PFLOPS
Livermore, U.S.
Fujitsu&K computer
10.51&PFLOPS
Kobe, Japan
2.566&PFLOPS
Tianjin, China
Cray&Jaguar
1.759&PFLOPS
Oak Ridge, U.S.
IBM&Roadrunner
1.026&PFLOPS
Los Alamos, U.S.
1.105&PFLOPS
In the United States, some
are interconnected on an Internet
or NSFNet. This network is the foundation for an evolving network infrastructure known as the National Technology Grid.
is a university-led project that is part of this initiative.
At the lower end of supercomputing, clustering takes more of a build-it-yourself approach to supercomputing. The
Project offers guidance on how to put together a number of off-the-shelf personal computer processors, using
operating systems, and interconnecting the processors with . Applications must be written to manage the parallel processing.
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