The是一块砖,哪里需要哪里搬,童鞋们经常看见名词就加the,反正有就更好,没有也无伤大雅。殊不知,你们作文里满屏的the是外教最头痛的事。双语君就记得学生时代,外教总说我们滥用the。痛定思痛,双语君决定来和大家一起梳理一遍定冠词the(definite article)的用法。1这些词前不能加the考虑到the经常被滥用,我们先说说不能加the的情况。1抽象意义◆有些物质名词和抽象名词前永远用零冠词(Zero article,即不适用任何冠词),即使有形容词,也用零冠词。常见的有:weather, progress, fun, advice, news, information, luck, furniture, wealth, honesty 等。注意:man 表示“人类”和word 表示“音讯”时一般不加冠词,如:?It is well known that&man has a very close relationship with&environment.众所周知,人类与环境关系非常密切。?Word has it that the food&costs an&arm and a leg.听说那里的食物贵得离谱。◆表示抽象概括意义时,不可数名词和复数名词使用零冠词,例如:?Books are my best friends.书是我的好朋友。?Love is all you need.你需要的只是爱。◆表示一种抽象的状态,比如to/at sea, to/at/out of work, in/out of town, in/out of office等。?He used to spend several months at sea.他曾出海几个月。?I go to work every day. I was at work yesterday.我每天上班。我昨天在工作。?Pat's out of town until Tuesday.Pat周二前都在外地。(town是指她住的地方。)?This government has been in office for about a year now.这届政府上任差不多一年了。但如果你指的是一个具体的地方,那么就要加上the,对比一下:?I went to the sea/seaside to swim.我去海边游泳了。?How do I get out of the town?&我要怎么才能出城??Sally spent all day in the office.Sally一整天都呆在办公室。2专有名词◆&人名、国名前通常不加the,例如:?Lu Xun is a great Chinese writer.鲁迅是一位伟大的中国作家。?China is a developing socialist country.中国是一个发展中社会主义国家。注意:组合国名、缩写国名和复数形式的国家名前加the,如the Netherlands荷兰,the UK英国◆&商业公司名称之前通常使用零冠词,例如:Cisco Systems, Microsoft, CBS, EMI, Hitachi, Lufthansa, Facebook等等。注意:非营利性的大型组织、机构等前面都是要加定冠词the的,包括一些使用缩写的机构,比如:the&Commonwealth,&the&Fed,&the&EU,&the&WHO。◆&如果一个地方的名字是由人名组成的,不需要加the。比如:Harrods 英国百货公司哈罗兹Macys 梅西百货McDonald's 麦当劳Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫Waterloo Station 滑铁卢车站Cambridge University 牛津大学3特殊意义的名词◆季节、月份、星期以及节假日的名词前不加定冠词。?Summer begins in June in this part of the country.这个地区夏天从六月份开始。?We have no classes on Sunday.星期日我们不上课。?There are a lot of people shopping at Christmas.在圣诞节有很多人购买东西。注意:中国传统节日之前要加定冠词the,如:the&mid-autumn&festival;the Spring festival;the dragon boat festival。◆三餐饭菜的名词前不加定冠词,如:have supper 吃晚饭come to dinner 去吃饭。?Roger had breakfast in his hotel room.罗杰在宾馆房间里用了早餐。但如果特指一个正式的场合,则有必要加冠词,如:I attended&a&dinner at the Rotary Club.注意:三餐饭前带有形容词修饰时,应加冠词:have a quick breakfast 。◆语言、运动、游戏等名词之前不加定冠词。?She speaks Chinese.她说汉语。?He plays football.他踢足球。?Let’s have a game of chess.咱俩下盘棋吧。注意:当球类指具体事物时,应加冠词:where is&the&football ?◆在表示职位、头衔、身份等名词前,例:Professor Wang 王教授President Lincoln 林肯总统Dean of the English Department 英语系主任◆在表示颜色的名词前用零冠词,例:?She is in red 她穿红色衣服。(=She is in a red dress)◆学科名称前面不用冠词,例如:mathematics, biology, history, computer science 。?He&can&beat&me&hollow&at&mathematics.在数学上他造诣很高,&我是望尘莫及。◆当bed, church, court, hospital, prison, school, college, university这类名词表示的是它们最基本的意义和用途时,可以不用冠词。但如果它们有区别于基本意义以外的其他用处,则有必要加the,对比一下:in hospital 生病住院at the hospital 在医院里(不一定是去看病,而是有其他目的)in bed 卧床in the bed 在床上例句:?She stayed&in bed&on Sunday morning&instead of going&to church.她周天早上睡懒觉了,没去教堂。?The angry customer threatened to take him&to court.愤怒的顾客威胁说要把他告上法庭。?The old man was released&from prison.那个老头从监狱里释放出来了。?After graduating&from high school&he went&to university.高中毕业后,他上了大学。对比:?She sat on&the&bed while she changed her socks.&她坐在床上换袜子。?He entered&the&church to photograph its interior.&他进到教堂去拍内部景观。4特殊用法◆当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词:?I can't write without pen or pencil.没有钢笔或铅笔,我就写不了字。◆当by与交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词,例:by bus,by train。◆不用冠词的序数词:a. 序数词前有物主代词That was my first job.那是我第一份工作。b. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race.他在比赛中获得了第一。c. 在固定词组中: first of all, from first to last◆当名词后跟着一个表示分类的字母或数字时:?The students have just read section C.学生们已经读完了C章节。?He fell asleep on page 816 of&&War and Peace&.他读到《战争与和平》第816页就睡着了。?She is staying in room 689.&她住在689号房间。◆当television作媒介用时,前面不加the;作为家用电器设备时,则前面要加the:?Carol saw her brother on television.卡罗尔看见她哥出现在电视里。对比:?She had an indoor antenna on the television.她的电视机上有室内天线。5标题中常省略定冠词为了节省空间、增强感染力,书名或者新闻标题通常会将冠词省略。?&Police Confirm Shotgun Attack on Bullet Train&警方确认高速列车上发生***击案2用the的情况◆&指代某一个确定的、具体的事物。&The dog that bit me ran away.&这里的the强调的是那只“咬了我的”狗。&I was happy to see the policeman who saved my cat!& The强调是那个救了我的猫的***。◆&用在独一无二的名词前,比如 the sun, the earth, the moon, the sky, the world, the&Arctic Circle,&the environment,&the&capital, the&ground 等。?The moon goes round the earth.&月亮绕着地球转。◆用在表示自然现象的名词前,这类名词有: the rain ,the wind, the fog,the snow, the air, the storm,the snowstorm等。?&Don't stand in the rain.&不要站在雨中。◆用在可数名词前表示一类人或物,强调整个类别。?&We all have a duty to look after&the&old and infirm.我们有责任照顾老弱。?&The&computer has changed our lives.计算机改变了我们的生活。◆名词/形容词+名词,这种结构的专有名词前加the。the English Channel英吉利海峡the White House白宫the Rolling Stones滚石乐队the British Museum大英博物馆◆用在酒店名、报纸名、货币名称之前,例如:The&Hilton Hotel希尔顿酒店The&Times&《泰晤士报》The&U.S. dollar 美元◆用在表示方向、方位的名词前,这类词有:the east 东方the west 西方the south 南方the north 北方the right 右边the left 左边◆&用在乐器名词前,表示演奏,例:?&She can play the piano.她会弹钢琴。◆&用在一些大的组织、机构等前面,包括一些使用缩写的机构,比如:The&Commonwealth,&the&Fed,&the&EU,&the&WHO。◆&用在形容词最高级或者序数词之前,也用在表示序列的next, last等前,还有在表示“同一”或“唯一”等的词前。?Summer is the hottest season of the year.&夏天是一年中最炎热的季节。?The first man to land on the moon is an American.&第一个登上月球的人是美国人。?This may be the last chance.&这可能是最后一次机会。注意:序数词表示“又一”时,前面用不定冠词a(an), 例:He bought a second pair of shoes. 他又买了一双鞋。◆&除了电视,许多娱乐之前都是使用定冠词the的:&the&cinema/movies,&the&theatre, the&circus,&the&ballet,&the&opera.◆表示所有形式(possession form),用在表示身体部位的名词前 ,例:?She caught me by the arm.&她抓住了我的手臂。关于地理位置的定冠词用法加the的地理位置:◆&河流、海洋等的名字:the Nile, the Pacific&◆&地球上的某个具体的点:&n?鹤coco学吧(gh_c)
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gh_c本学吧为鞍山?鹤外国语学校为广大学员及家长倾情打造的"互联网+学吧”新模式,发送每堂课的重点笔记、趣味外语等内容,使学员温故知新,爱上外语;使家长掌握教学进程,学员状态,也能一起学外语。来coco学吧 从现在起 为你的孩子积累故事?????热门文章最新文章gh_c本学吧为鞍山?鹤外国语学校为广大学员及家长倾情打造的"互联网+学吧”新模式,发送每堂课的重点笔记、趣味外语等内容,使学员温故知新,爱上外语;使家长掌握教学进程,学员状态,也能一起学外语。来coco学吧 从现在起 为你的孩子积累故事?????&&&&违法和不良信息举报***:183-
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